On the superfluid state of the atomic nucleus

摘要: Abstract The variation principle proposed by N. Bogolubov and the mathematical methods developed in theory of superconductivity are employed to study properties atomic nucleus. Weak interactions between protons (or neutrons) located same shell treated on basis a nuclear model which nucleons closed internal shells assumed produce centrally symmetrical field is somewhat distorted outer shell. It shown that interaction an give rise superfluid state nucleus, main role being played with equal opposite projections angular momenta symmetry axis. energy ground first excited evaluated it case even number shell, gap states should exist, whereas no such exists if odd. This permits one explain heavy nuclei. Conditions for appearance nucleus have been obtained. They reduce requirement attractive forces predominate interacting near Fermi surface energy. critical temperature phase transition from normal has determined.