Focusing of HF radio-waves by ionospheric ducts
作者： G.M. Milikh , A. Vartanyan , K. Papadopoulos , M. Parrot
DOI: 10.1016/J.JASTP.2011.02.022
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摘要: Abstract This paper presents the first direct observations of HF focusing induced by natural and artificial ionospheric ducts along with a simple theoretical model. The experiments were conducted injecting radio-waves using Ionospheric Research Instrument High Frequency Active Auroral Program located in Gakona, Alaska detecting them instruments on overflying French micro-satellite DEMETER. latter observed multiple frequency band structure, which is characteristic strong signal exceeding detector's saturation level. Analysis O+ density measured DEMETER its orbit shows that radio coincides presence “negative” duct ionosphere. “Negative” refers to plasma depletion peak near center duct. Such induce changes index refraction leading waves manner equivalent “thick” lens. Examination data lens model indicates focal node(s) vicinity satellite. Two examples, one corresponding an are presented.
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