A margin of safety approach for the assessment of environmentally realistic chemical mixtures in the marine environment based on combined passive sampling and ecotoxicity testing

摘要: Abstract Organisms in the marine environment are being exposed to an increasing variety of chemicals. This research presents effect-based monitoring method for derivation a margin safety environmentally realistic chemical mixtures. The is based on combination passive sampling and ecotoxicity testing. First, was performed using H2O-philic divinylbenzene Speedisks during 3 campaigns between 2016 2018 at 4 locations Belgian part North Sea. Next, we diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum Speedisk extracts that were reconstituted HPLC-grade water defined MoS each sample as highest no-observed effect concentration, expressed relative enrichment factor (REF). A REF by comparing concentrations 89 personal care products, pesticides pharmaceuticals biotest medium with those measured grab samples relate exposure tests environmental concentrations. Across eight samples, growth inhibition observed REF ≥ 3.2 margins found 1.1–11.0. In addition, reconstitution HPLC-water suitable overcome solvent-related challenges biotesting usually associated sampler extract spiking, whilst it still allowed REFs up 44 be achieved. method, however, likely covers mainly polar fraction mixtures less non-polar fraction. Nevertheless, 5 out 8 Margin Safety (MoS) lower than 10, which represents typically lowest possible assessment applied no effects ecotoxicological data conventional risk assessments, suggesting ecological risks these samples.