Autophagy-dependent anticancer immune responses induced by chemotherapeutic agents in mice.

摘要: Antineoplastic chemotherapies are particularly efficient when they elicit immunogenic cell death, thus provoking an anticancer immune response. Here we demonstrate that autophagy, which is often disabled in cancer, dispensable for chemotherapy-induced death but required its immunogenicity. In response to chemotherapy, autophagy-competent, not autophagy-deficient, cancers attracted dendritic cells and T lymphocytes into the tumor bed. Suppression of autophagy inhibited release adenosine triphosphate (ATP) from dying cells. Conversely, inhibition extracellular ATP-degrading enzymes increased pericellular ATP autophagy-deficient tumors, reestablished recruitment cells, restored chemotherapeutic responses only immunocompetent hosts. Thus, essential concentrations improve efficacy antineoplastic disabled.