Applications of nanoparticles in ophthalmology.

摘要: Nanocarriers, such as nanoparticles, have the capacity to deliver ocular drugs specific target sites and hold promise revolutionize therapy of many eye diseases. Results date strongly suggest that medicine will benefit enormously from use this nanometric scale technology. One most important handicaps a organ for is presence several barriers impede direct systemic drug access site action. Superficial include surface epithelium tear film, internal blood-aqueous blood-retina barriers. Topical application preferred route drugs, even when tissues are at back part where intraocular injections currently common administration. Direct administration using any these two routes faces problems related bioavailability, including side effects repeated uncomfortable treatments achieve therapeutic levels. In regard, advantages nanoparticles improved topical passage large, poorly water-soluble molecules glucocorticoid or cyclosporine immune-related, vision-threatening Other large unstable molecules, nucleic acids, delivered offer promising results gene transfer in severe retinal Also, nanoparticle-mediated delivery increases contact time administered with its tissue, case brimonidine, one standard glaucoma, corticosteroids used treat autoimmune uveitis, inflammatory process. addition, nanocarriers permit non-steroidal anti-inflammatory indomethacin reach inner structures transmucosal route. Finally, allow possibility targeted types cancer, melanoma, leaving normal cells untouched. This review summarizes experimental our group others since beginnings nanocarrier technology different locations eye. it explores future possibilities not only systems but also aides diagnostic purposes.