Integrated modelling of variable renewable energy-based power supply in Europe

摘要: Variable renewable energy (VRE) resources increasingly add fluctuations to power systems. The required types and capacities of balancing measures, amounts curtailment, costs associated with system integration need be assessed for advising policy makers economic actors. Previous studies mostly exclude storage from model-endogenous capacity expansion omit concentrated solar (CSP) completely. In this study, we stress the grid backup by investigating an integrated market in Europe, allowing additional short-term as well long-term considering CSP a dispatchable option. Renewable Energy Mix (REMix) model is introduced applied assess hourly dispatch at various levels photovoltaic wind penetration. results demonstrate combinations spatial temporal measures that enable net supply shares 60% 70% annual demand, respectively. usage can keep curtailments below 20% demand theoretical VRE up 100%. Furthermore, determine structure has strong impact on least-cost allocation plants across Europe but only limited effect costs.