Aspects of the Sensory Ecology of Cephalopods

摘要: This chapter views cephalopod sensory capabilities in the context of behavioral ecology. Some extensive field studies and controlled laboratory experiments have recently shed new light on (1) camouflage defence, (2) foraging feeding, (3) reproductive behavior. There been exciting discoveries mechanisms functions vision olfaction. Cephalopods (excluding Nautilus) are highly visual animals, keen acuity, see well under varying conditions. Nearshore cephalopods, such as cuttlefish, remarkable abilities to themselves diverse substrates using cues alone. None these include color because cuttlefishes color-blind, monochromatic may be norm for many cephalopods. Cuttlefishes respond size, contrast, number, area objects background switch disruptive coloration. Polarization sensitivity (PS) enables squid detect transparent silveryreflecting prey more effectively, they use PS intraspecific communication. Foraging octopuses themselves, but when movement negates camouflage, become conspicuous, change appearance with frequency, even mimic fishes. In sea, hearing is a better long-distance sensor predator detection: low-frequency lateral line (analogous fishes) that perform this function. Olfaction play role mate choice cuttlefishes. male squid, contact chemoreception egg capsules stimulates aggressive behavior spawning grounds. Octopuses seem capable detecting food odor at distance, olfaction improve predation crabs by Nautilus used distant detection location, perhaps choice. Future emphasis an integrative approach ecology cephalopods likely explain other facets their complex