Mars surface mineralogy from Hubble Space Telescope imaging during 1994–1995: Observations, calibration, and initial results

作者: James F. Bell , Michael J. Wolff , Philip B. James , R. Todd Clancy , Steven W. Lee

DOI: 10.1029/96JE03990

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摘要: Visible to near-infrared observations of Mars were made with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) during 1994–1995 goals monitoring seasonal variability surface and atmosphere mapping specific spectral units constrain planet's mineralogy. This paper presents details collection calibration data, concentrating specifically on near-IR data that obtained exclusively for mineralogy aspect our HST observing program. We also present some initial results from calibrated set. Our procedures included standard “pipeline” processing steps, supplemented by special required use linear ramp filters Wide Field/Planetary Camera 2 instrument, an additional point spread function deconvolution procedure applied in order realize full potential spatial resolution images (23 64 km/pixel between August 1994 1995). The a set projected onto map grid presented radiance factor (I/F) units, having estimated ≈5% photometric accuracy based performance comparisons previous ground-based spacecraft spectra. Initial scientific analyses these reveal (1) distinct red/blue color within classical bright regions, similar those seen Viking Orbiter possibly related variations nanophase and/or crystalline ferric mineral abundance; (2) slope correlated albedo large scale (darker is “bluer” slope) but exhibiting wider among many small-scale features visible data; (3) absorption at 860 nm occurs all regions which 3 5% stronger dark than because greater abundance well-crystalline phase like hematite or very low Ca pyroxene opx/cpx mixture; (4) 953 band depth inversely (bright 0 deep; 7 15% deep) shows highest values individual craters, calderas, other small geologic are resolved images.

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