Aligned metal oxide nanotube arrays: key-aspects of anodic TiO2 nanotube formation and properties.

摘要: Over the past ten years, self-aligned TiO2 nanotubes have attracted tremendous scientific and technological interest due to their anticipated impact on energy conversion, environment remediation biocompatibility. In present manuscript, we review fundamental principles that govern self-organized initiation of anodic nanotubes. We start with question: why is self-organization taking place? illustrate inherent key mechanistic aspects lead tube growth in various different morphologies, such as ripple-walled tubes, smooth stacks bamboo-type importantly formation double-walled versus single-walled drastic difference physical chemical properties. show how both double- layers can be detached from metallic substrate exploited for preparation robust self-standing membranes. Finally, by selecting specific approaches desired functional features significantly improved, e.g., enhanced electron mobility, intrinsic doping, or crystallization into pure anatase at high temperatures achieved. briefly outline property, modifications morphology uses most important applications.