Organization Theory : Tension and Change

摘要: ORGANIZATION THEORY: TENSION AND CHANGE 1. INTRODUCTION: DEFINITIONS CONCEPTIONS Organization: Elements, A Definition and Images W. Richard Scott's Elements of Organization Hall's Gareth Morgan's Classical Social Theory Organizational Analysis Karl Marx Emile Durkheim Max Weber Contemporary Structural Functionalism Conflict Symbolic Interactionism Summary 2. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK FOR THE ANALYSIS OF THEORY Levels Transaction Tension #1: Controlling The Human Factor Behavior the Marxist Unique Nature Labor Philosophical Status Reformulation Management Practice #2: Differentiation Integration Technical Division Labor: Intraorganizational Dynamics Interorganizational Note on Tensions Ascribed Characteristics Paradox: Underlying Source Models Paradox Three Cases 3. RISE FACTORY SYSTEM Introduction Formal Subordination Creating Production Real Disciplining Traditional Habits Cultures Early Strategies Assumptions Scientific in Motivation for Principles Stages Assessment Consequences Practice: Hoxie Study Management: Broader Context 4. HUMAN Hawthorne Revelations Beyond Experiments: Observed Interpeting Results Revision Roethlisberger Dickson Elton Mayo Chester's World: Barnard's Individual Common Moral Purpose Humanistic Relations Needs From to Resources Leadership Legitimate Authority Four Approaches Does Matter? 5. BUREAUCRACY, RATIONALIZATION, Rational-Bureaucratic Model Dilemma Bureaucratic Dysfunctions Unintended Robert Merton: Personality Alvin Gouldner: Patterns Industrial Bureaucracy Peter Blau: Philip Selznick: as Institution Jackall: a Maze Operationalizing Rational Model: Administrative Science Henri Fayol James Mooney Allen Reiley Herbert Simon Rationalization Domination Arguments And Critical Bureaucracy's Other Face McDonaldization: Diffusion Ethos McDonaldization Application Higher Education Charges against 6. EMERGING ORGANIZATIONAL FORMS: BEYOND FORDISM Fordism Features Fordist Demise Transition from New Forms Toward Alternative Toyotaism Lean Production: "The Machine that Changed World" Flexibility Paradigm Flexible Specialization Mean, or Fat Mean? 7. PARADIGMS: POST- CULTURE, KNOWLEDGE Postbureaucratic Postbureaucracy Physical Space Government Culture Is an Emerging Form? Engineering Strong Culture: Work Gideon Kunda Managerial Strategy Integration, Differentiation, Fragmentation Learning Paul Senge's Five Disciplines Analyzing Organizations Systems What's Happening Ground? 8. TECHNOLOGY TRANSFORMATION Technology Joan Woodward Blauner Thompson Charles Perrow Tavistock Institute Entering Age Smart Information Change Impact Additional Virtual Definitions Further 9. ENVIRONMENT Contingency Lawrence Jay Lorsch Tom Burns G.M. Stalker Population Ecology Concept Demographic, Ecological, Environmental Processes Inertia Resource Dependence Agency Task Environment, Uncertainty Manage Money: Ultimate Institutional Investors Influences Public-Sector Institutions Environment Isomorphism Pillars Analyses U.S.Corporate Stability Political-Economic Capacity Produce Consume Structure Accumulation Geographic Cross-National Variations Environments Business 10. INTERORGANIZATIONAL DYNAMICS: MARKETS, HIERARCHIES NETWORKS Markets Hierarchies Approach Costs Problems with Vertically Integrated Hierarchy Between Market Hierarchy: Theoretical Rationales Socially Embedded Economic Action Dynamic To Disintegrate Not Disintegrate: GM Delphi Vertical Disintegration Arrangements Why Disintegrate? Networks Competitive Advantages Network Firm Alliance Capitalism: Rise Keiretsu Spatial Dimension Bringing Geography Back Spatially Concentrated Dispersed Disintegrated Recent Developments: Supply Chains Options 11. FUTURE POSTMODERN Modernist Postmodernist Postmodern Condition Identity Implications Postmodernism BLUR: Popularized Fragmented Humans Dedifferentiated Structures