The Emerging Amphibian Fungal Disease, Chytridiomycosis: A Key Example of the Global Phenomenon of Wildlife Emerging Infectious Diseases

摘要: The spread of amphibian chytrid fungus, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, is associated with the emerging infectious wildlife disease chytridiomycosis. This fungus poses an overwhelming threat to global biodiversity and contributing toward population declines extinctions worldwide. Extremely low host-species specificity potentially threatens thousands 7,000+ species infection, hosts in additional classes organisms have now also been identified, including crayfish nematode worms.Soon after discovery B. dendrobatidis 1999, it became apparent that this pathogen was already pandemic; dozens countries hundreds had exposed. timeline dendrobatidis's emergence still remains a mystery, as does its point origin. reason why seems only recently increased virulence catalyze event unknown, despite 15 years investigation, pandemic continues primarily uncontrolled. Some treatments are effective on animals held captivity, but there currently no proven method eradicate from affected habitat, nor we able protect new regions exposure knowledge approaching "wave" ensuing disease.International largely facilitated by commercial trade live amphibians. Chytridiomycosis listed globally notifiable World Organization for Animal Health, few countries, if any, formally adopted recommended measures control spread. Wildlife diseases continue emerge consequence globalization, greater effort urgently needed health.