The interaction of microwaves with sea ice

摘要: The sea ice pack in the polar regions plays a fundamental role global climate as boundary layer separating ocean and atmosphere these regions. Due to its vast extent, physical properties of are often studied via electromagnetic remote sensing from satellites airplanes, microwave regime. In this work we give an overview ongoing investigations interaction microwaves with ice. This is particularly interesting case ice, which composite pure random brine air inclusions, whose geometry can depend dramatically on temperature. These include finding series bounds effective complex permittivity e* under constraints microgeometry, such fixed volume. particular, describe some rather tight incorporate geometrical constraint that for temperatures colder than percolation threshold, Tc ≈ –5°C, phase contained separated inclusions. fit actual data at 4.75 GHz quite closely. We also how bounds, derived quasistatic limit, break down when compared taken 26.5–40.0 range. Finally, briefly discuss preliminary results backscatter experiments conducted C band (5.3 GHz) first year Weddell Sea, Antarctica, during austral winter 1994.