Fosfilt filters in an agricultural catchment: a long-term field-scale

摘要: Diffuse load mitigation is a prevailing global challenge due to the eutrophication of water bodies. We report here long-term nutrient removal performance two on-site sand filters (F1 and F2) in southwestern Finland, established 1990s. The were enhanced with layer phosphorus binding material Fosfilt-s, side product titanium dioxide production. monitoring periods 4.5 3.5years for F1 F2, respectively. only worked some months blockage crushed stone layer. After renovation (1999), filter year but then Fosfilt-s clogged increased suspended solids (SS) dissolved reactive (DRP) loads by 36% 19% on average, Total P (PTOT) was not affected. structure F2 more successful better distribution system. On 61% ofthe inflowing solids, 37% PTOT 45% DRP removed during period. conclude that these types have potential be further developed into useful tools reduction. Development work should focused treatment subsurface drainage waters high concentrations nutrients, particular. Long term field data needed, because laboratory tests cannot fully simulate natural circumstances.