Prenatal narcotic exposure: perinatal and developmental effects.

摘要: Infants prenatally exposed to narcotics become passively addicted in-utero and may undergo neonatal abstinence at birth. Methadone maintenance in conjunction with intensive prenatal care for pregnant narcotic dependent women can reduce the incidence of intrauterine death, prematurity its concomitant problems. However, methadone infants have consistently been found smaller birthweights head circumference than non-drug infants. Although be treated successfully pharmacotherapy, effects exposure developing central nervous system are not fully understood. slit-like ventricles lateral ventricle intracranial hemidiameter measurements during first month life. The strabismus is also greater general population, but this appears related lower birth weight, rather a direct consequence exposure. There does appear developmental sequelae associated After has abated, function well within normal range development two years life, although scores comparisons groups. myriad confounding medical, pharmacological environmental variables population relative importance continuum risk factors needs more clearly delineated before etiology perinatal determined.