Staphylococcal enterotoxins: Molecular aspects and detection methods

摘要: Members of the Staphylococcus genus, especially Staphylococcus aureus, are the most common pathogens found in hospitals and community-acquired infections. Some their pathogenicity is associated with enzyme toxin production. Until recently, S. aureus was studied species genus; however, last few years, rise infections caused by coagulase-negative staphylococci has pointed out need for further studies on virulence factors that have not yet been completely elucidated so as to better characterize pathogenic potential this group microorganisms. Several staphylococcal produce enterotoxins, a family related proteins responsible many diseases, such toxic-shock syndrome, septicemia food poisoning. To date, 23 different enterotoxin types identified besides syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1), they can be divided into five phylogenetic groups. The mechanism action these toxins includes superantigen activity emetic properties, which lead biological effects infection. Various methods detect genes encode enterotoxins Molecular frequently used at present. This review article objective describe aspects classification, structure regulation detection methods.   Key words: Staphylococcus coagulase-negative staphylococci, TSST-1, PCR, molecular detection.