Oasis evolution and water resource utilization of a typical area in the inland river basin of an arid area: a case study of the Manas River valley

摘要: The Manas River valley is a typical inland river basin of an arid area in central Asia, and illustrates oasis evolution economic development this region. Based on the historical documents, monitoring data from field surveys, remote sensing image data, paper oases over last 2,000 years analyzes rapid expansion 60 years. We also examine relationship between water resource utilization. discuss characteristics effects proposed adjustment measures for sustainable valley. principal objectives were to analyze utilization years, solve conflict continuous shortage resources keep sustainable. results indicate that (1) can be divided into three periods: period dominated by animal husbandry, semi-farming semi-grazing, farming-dominated period. During first two periods, was limited, conservancy facilities poor levels low. In third period, shows large-scale development. (2) subdivided four phases according scale projects level irrigation. Different scales show artificial has close connection with (3) raises some environmental problems although it plays active role promoting sustainability. Therefore, future could perspective development, such as control, forbidding reclamation, moderating exploitation groundwater, transforming industrial structures.