Complex causation in cross-national environmental policy convergence

摘要: In this concluding chapter we summarise the main findings of six empirical chapters in light research questions formulated Chapter 1. The role different mechanisms environmental policy convergence will be analysed both individually and with regard to various ways which they interact. This also extends submechanisms transnational communication (lesson drawing, problem-solving, emulation, international promotion) which, it is argued, tend appear typical sequences. Moreover, interaction these domestic problem pressure particular problems solutions are framed domestically found play an important explaining change cross-national convergence. Harmonisation: specific broader impacts Among seven policies volume, only two have been subject harmonisation: for cases noise from lorries lead petrol, binding legislation setting obligatory product standards existed at least some countries part period under investigation. While harmonisation by no means restricted (production process or non-trade-related frequently harmonised order avoid distortion competition; examples see 2), focus not entirely a coincidence. As existence national may cause direct barriers trade, such divergent regulation presents particularly strong motive harmonisation.