作者: Denny Sakkas , Davide Bizzaro , Gian C. Manicardi
DOI: 10.1007/978-1-59745-176-5_20
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摘要: There is accumulating evidence linking sperm chromatin damage to poor reproductive outcome. The associated anomalies that manifest themselves as breaks in the nuclear DNA, aberrant ratios of protamine and histones chromatin, presence apoptotic marker proteins ejaculated spermatozoa. This chapter examines mechanisms involved generating during spermatogenesis human, techniques used test how they may affect outcome, reduce risk using spermatozoa with damage.