Castration of adult male dogs: effects on roaming, aggression, urine marking, and mounting.

作者： Benjamin Hart , S. G. Hopkins , T. A. Schubert

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摘要: In a retrospective study involving 42 dogs, it was concluded that the objectionable male behavioral patterns of roaming, fighting with other males, urine marking in house, and mounting dogs or people are amenable to alteration by castration adulthood. Roaming reduced 90% dogs.