Experimental observation of density fluctuations in liquid metals associated with liquid-liquid, liquid-gas and metal-nonmetal transitions.

摘要: We have developed a special technique and succeeded to carry out small-angle x-ray scattering measurements for some liquid metal systems. The purpose is investigate effects of transitions such as liquid-liquid (LLT), liquid-gas (LGT) metal-nonmetal (MNMT) on mesoscopic density fluctuations in liquids. In Te systems (Se-Te Ge-Te mixtures), which show continuous LLT accompanying MNMT, parameters maxima almost the middle transition, both strength spatial size. This work (and Kajihara et al 2012 Phys. Rev. B86 214202) was first direct observation that exhibit maximum corresponding LLT. However this study, we could not clearly separate MNMT observed fluctuations. Thus, also investigated fluid Hg under high pressure temperature conditions, shows near critical point LGT, how affects them. distinct fluctuations; correlation length them at around isochore former basically consistent with phase diagram (compressibility) LGT; they do any peaks region. Precise analysis revealed only shift another parameter, short-range length. These results indicate are mainly derived from phenomena LGT does play role believe latter conclusion holds true systems; plays no important main origin