"Going above and beyond:" the emotional labor of adventure guides.

摘要: Introduction"And that's a canned Wanderlust trip. There's very little of your emotion in it."-Scott, adventure guideEmotions accompany us on our journey through experience, acting as expressions and lenses which we understand what encounter. In contemporary Western culture, tend to think emotions private, inner selves. However, often emotional responses are guided by broader social norms that various situational roles. These include role worker; indeed, many jobs carry with them set sanctioned expectations. Work-related expectations particularly relevant leisure, where workers called upon facilitate particular state mind those who desire leisure experience. This paper investigates the one domain has complex relationship emotion: outdoor adventure. Specifically, article offers an ethnographic account placed guides. doing so, aims describe experience guiding, well contribute understanding socially constructed nature adventure.Emotional LaborHochschild's (1983) seminal work drew attention extent were embedded constructed. According Hochschild, symbolic interactionist, life is feeling rules, normative surrounding how feel different contexts. Feeling such sad at funeral or happy one's wedding day, regulate thus serve tool for control (Montemurro, 2001). They also vised differentiate between normal deviant behavior. Indeed, Thoits (1990) argued, deviance-the inability individuals display appropriate situation-is interpreted evidence mental illness.Feeling rules pervade private lives roles people occupy home family friends. they found public domain, worker. Although "discourse rationality" (Sachs & Blackmore, 1998) encourages view worker rational being, Ashforth Humphrey (1995) contended "emotions integral inseparable part everyday organizational life. From moments frustration joy, grief fear, enduring sense dissatisfaction commitment, saturated feeling" (p. 97). As other aspects life, associated rules; these formalized training manuals company slogans (Hochschild, 1983). Hochschild described labor "labor requires induce suppress order sustain outward countenance produces proper others" 7). Emotional results when must follow organizationally interactions clients customers (Johnson, Thus, expected engage not only physical and/or intellectual labor, but well.Although tell situations, do determine mechanistic way. lack fit their response cultural scripts guide them-they birthday funeral, example (Smith-Lovin, 1995). At moments, making aberrant maintain some semblance normalcy can be individual collective process.For example, airline studied experienced misfit emotion, actively worked realign felt prescribed job. engaged following two processes: surface deep acting. …