Molecular genetics and cytogenetics in cancer.

摘要: This special issue of Genetics Research International focuses on molecular genetics and cytogenetics in cancer. The hunt for informative disease-related genetic biomarkers may become so valuable the differential diagnosis, prognosis, disease monitoring cancer patients that numerous researchers are committed to this challenge. Indeed, a colossal effort current medicine progress understanding hallmarks is focusing field biomarker discovery through cytogenetic profiling. Ambitious initiatives such as Cancer Genome Atlas (http://cancergenome.nih.gov/) or Anatomy Project (http://cgap.nci.nih.gov/cgap.html) from US National Institutes Health (NIH) devoted provide collaborative platforms better comprehend fight malignant signature The fast development high-throughput technologies bringing biomedical research more affordable high-resolution ways explore whole genomes, chromosomes, genes, proteins, RNA, metabolites. In consequence, genomic datasets accumulate international repositories, GEO Center Biotechnology Information (NCBI), around 500,000 clonal chromosomal abnormalities belonging than 60,000 human neoplasms described latest catalogue chromosome aberrations However, translational application still has face its ultimate challenge: incorporation into routine clinical practice. We under pressure combine multidisciplinary efforts basic, clinical, computational fields identify meaningful profiles can be used powerful tools treatment. Every patient who suffers hopes our will deliver alternatives. For scientists, identification specific responsible tumor diversity heterogeneity crucial shed light mechanisms druggable targets functional pathways. clinicians, appropriate categorization would allow enroll them tailored—more adequate less toxic—treatments, improving healthcare optimizing medical costs. Ultimately, any (i) frame important unsolved problems, (ii) review what known about pathways involved pathogenesis distinct types cancer, (iii) catalog recurrent alterations could serve biomarkers, (iv) suggest standardization protocols diagnosis detection, (v) rank available potential drugs their targets, decisive help challenge against scope where biographies some most aggressive hematological solid tumors discussed. journal serving here forum discussion major risks breast metastasis brain well evolution myxoid soft-tissue sarcomas parathyroid tumors. importance applying risk-based stratification multiple myeloma also reviewed here, new evidences supporting rare variant T-cell lymphomas Sezary syndrome presented. Finally, myeloid malignancies revealed paradigm discuss role dicentric chromosomes instigators instability model implication formation unbalanced translocations malignancy. Breaking barriers difficult task continuously challenging community. We, editors issue, hopeful ideas presented inspire critical thinking specialized readers contribute common understand faces cancer. Jose Maria Sayagues Sergio Roa Norma C. gutierrez Ilana Zalcberg Renault