Hookworm and poverty.

摘要: Human hookworm infection is the leading cause of anemia and undernutrition second most important parasitic humans. Hookworm occurs almost exclusively in setting rural poverty developing countries tropics. The dependency reflects precise soil temperature requirements environmental life history stages parasite, whereas relationship between based on multiple factors, including inadequate sanitation, absence concrete floors home dwellings, lack access to essential medicines. Also, not only but also promotes because its health educational effects children, adverse effect pregnancy outcome, worker productivity. Since middle 20th century, reduction urbanization have successfully reduced prevalence world's industrialized nations some middle-income countries. However, control low-income still relies heavily frequent periodic use anthelminthic drugs either through deworming programs targeting school-aged children or integrated that simultaneously target seven neglected tropical diseases, hookworm. high rates reinfection possible emergence drug resistance will ultimately require development new tools—including Vaccine, one several so-called antipoverty vaccines could undergo testing over next decade.