Review of deposition monitoring methods
作者： J. A. N. Willem Erisman , Claus Beier , Geert Draaijers , Steve Lindberg
DOI: 10.3402/TELLUSB.V46I2.15754
关键词:
摘要: Deposition monitoring may generally serve at least one of the following purposes: (a) determining ecosystems risk, (b) evaluating temporal and spatial trends, (c) developing numerical models, or (d) estimating deposition effects. In this paper, an overview available knowledge about methods is given. Furthermore, it tried to illustrate (dis)agreement between results obtained using different methods. It might be concluded that throughfall, micro meteorological (supplemented/supported by inference) watershed balance (S saturated systems) yield similar estimates annual mean total sulphur, within acceptable uncertainly limits (∼ 30%). A larger uncertainty exists estimate reduced oxidized nitrogen base cation fluxes. clear for individual in general, dry particular, can still not quantified with sufficient accuracy. The various have advantages drawbacks choice a certain method estimation flux specific pollutant ecosystem many cases depend on purpose study requirements accuracy costs. DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-0889.1994.t01-1-00001.x
harvard.edu
tellusb.net参考文章(77)
Cliff I. Davidson, Yee-Lin Wu, Dry Deposition of Particles and Vapors Springer, New York, NY. pp. 103- 216 ,(1990) , 10.1007/978-1-4612-4454-7_5
R. Horn, E.-D. Schulze, R. Hantschel, Nutrient Balance and Element Cycling in Healthy and Declining Norway Spruce Stands Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. pp. 444- 455 ,(1989) , 10.1007/978-3-642-61332-6_21
G. G. Parker, Throughfall and Stemflow in the Forest Nutrient Cycle Advances in Ecological Research. ,vol. 13, pp. 57- 133 ,(1983) , 10.1016/S0065-2504(08)60108-7
Michael Bredemeier, Forest canopy transformation of atmospheric deposition Water Air and Soil Pollution. ,vol. 40, pp. 121- 138 ,(1989) , 10.1007/978-94-009-0923-6_8
J. A. Businger, Evaluation of the Accuracy with Which Dry Deposition Can Be Measured with Current Micrometeorological Techniques. Journal of Applied Meteorology. ,vol. 26, pp. 1100- 1124 ,(1987) , 10.1175/1520-0450(1986)025<1100:EOTAWW>2.0.CO;2
A.G. Allen, Roy M. Harrison, Jan-Willem Erisman, Field measurements of the dissociation of ammonium nitrate and ammonium chloride aerosols Atmospheric Environment (1967). ,vol. 23, pp. 1591- 1599 ,(1989) , 10.1016/0004-6981(89)90418-6
Dennis D. Baldocchi, Bruce B. Hincks, Tilden P. Meyers, Measuring Biosphere‐Atmosphere Exchanges of Biologically Related Gases with Micrometeorological Methods Ecology. ,vol. 69, pp. 1331- 1340 ,(1988) , 10.2307/1941631
S. E. LINDBERG, G. M. LOVETT, D. D. RICHTER, D. W. JOHNSON, Atmospheric Deposition and Canopy Interactions of Major Ions in a Forest Science. ,vol. 231, pp. 141- 145 ,(1986) , 10.1126/SCIENCE.231.4734.141
Jan-Willem Erisman, Frank A.A.M. De Leeuw, Roel M. Van Aalst, Deposition of the most acidifying components in The Netherlands during the period 1980–1986 Atmospheric Environment (1967). ,vol. 23, pp. 1051- 1062 ,(1989) , 10.1016/0004-6981(89)90306-5
Lennart Granat, Jan-Erik Hällgren, Relation between estimated dry deposition and throughfall in a coniferous forest exposed to controlled levels of SO2 and NO2. Environmental Pollution. ,vol. 75, pp. 237- 242 ,(1992) , 10.1016/0269-7491(92)90045-C