作者: J.A. Rob van Veen
DOI: 10.1016/J.CATTOD.2016.09.027
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摘要: Abstract In 1869 Berthelot had already reported to have produced oil from coal, but only around 1910, in Germany (for cogent reasons), the subject was taken up earnest. First Bergius, and then Pier (of BASF, not fortuitously either) developed what eventually called Bergius-Pier process, a two-stage process for liquefaction of coal. It Matthias who catalysts second stage which primary products first coal-hydrogenation step needed be upgraded. When he done, by late 1940s, many hydrotreating (HT), some hydrocracking we are familiar with seen light day: Co/Ni/Mo/W (mixed) sulphides, supported on alumina, Al 2 O 3 :F, or amorphous silica-alumina. The alumina-based were obviously ready-made petroleum fractions as well, therefore they choice when this family processes took off after WW II, also underwent, course, further development. But it 1960s that people really started imagine how these HT structured might function, giving rise variety catalyst models under impact new spectroscopic techniques, leading Topsoe model all that. Now, question before us is: did greatly increased knowledge affect any substantial way their development? Or is rather case fundamental acquired catalysis almost mature? This paper, then, has two parts: first, essential features development pre-Molecular-Aspects era will reviewed, salient aspects modern (so-to-speak) discussed view assess whether can changing, often claimed, an art science latter era.