Long term comprehensive evaluation strategies for spatial planning, design and management

摘要: The planning, design and management of the countryside increasingly demand a careful balancing between two extremes. One extreme is aim for full economic development rural areas, predominantly by maximizing food production minimizing costs. other conservation natural resource base, including habitats landscapes. While first affects environment through use soil, water air, as well loss native ecosystems landscapes, second condition puts pressure on socio-economic values competing social demands. result that societies face choice paying early to sustain both conditions, or postpone costs choosing one over other. Several quantitative qualitative approaches are being used find right balance In open space planning (including their related systems) spatial concepts have increased last quarter century. Examples such — often measured quantitatively integration versus segregation, framework network ecological networking infrastructure development. application concepts, among things, demands an evaluation system capable widely used. This should originate at outset process, when idea plan germinates. To do so can make sensitive, advanced thinking integral part management. Wide enable monitoring objectives area assure on-going conditions after executed. Quantitative attempts made called evaluative procedures (such HELP method BEL method). chapter assesses efficacy these strategies urges better human needs with those physical environment.