NUTRIENT REQUIREMENTS FOR IN-VITRO GROWTH OF SPRUCE TISSUE

摘要: STEINHART, C. E., L. STANDIFER, JR., and F. SKOOG. (U. Wisconsin, Madison.) Nutrient requirements for in-vitro growth of spruce tissue. Amer. Jour. Bot. 48(6): 465-472. Illus. 1961.-Callus derived from seedlings Norway has been cultured 31/2 yr on a medium supplemented with malt extract. The responses the callus to auxin, kinetin, light intensity, pH were determined. extract employed was fractionated by various methods, it shown that active fractions generally ninhydrin positive. free amino acid composition Malt could be replaced completely casein hydrolysate. Arginine, glutamine, or urea, although less effective, also supported continuous callus. In contrast, NH4NO3 as sole source nitrogen failed support growth. same compounds established strain stimulated initial formation seedlings. Inositol only vitamin stimulate A synthetic developed cultures; includes inorganic nutrients, naphthaleneacetic acid, myo-inositol, either arginine urea. Thiamin, choline chloride, cystein are added medium, requirement latter 2 these 3 not demonstrated. ONE method studying physiology, propagation, conifers is cultivation their tissues. Despite advantages such an approach, there relatively few reports in literature this type work. apparent neglect due part difficulty growing tissue chemically defined medium. Ball (1950) cultivated which he had isolated rapidly proliferating burl Sequoia sempervirens. redwood notoriously simple nutrient requirements, able grow mineral-sucrose-auxin Morel Wetmore (personal communication Skoog, 1952) have maintained cultures cambium mature Pinu,s strobus trees period at least yr. During first yr, culture contained Knop's solution, Bertholet's mixture B vitamins, glucose, naphtbaleneacetic (NAA), ascorbic acid. Reinert White (1956) both normal tumorous white (Picea glauca). Growth contained, addition White's basal supple. ment 15 acids 10 other organic compounds. stated, however, more complex than necessary. Callus roots Pinus rigida P. clausa Barnes (1958) lReceived publication December 3, 1960. This work grants Research Committee Graduate School funds Wisconsin Alumni Foundation, grant #G5890 National Science Foundation. From 1956 1959 one us (C.E.S.) holder-of Foundation pre-doctoral fellowship. financial assistance gratefully acknowledged. modified Heller's formula. mineral. sucrose thiamin, biotin, pantothenic indoleacetic (IAA), tyrosine. Recently, Tulecke (1960) pollen Ginkgo biloba arginine. He considers arginine-requiring strains biochemical mutants, frequency much lower containing coconut milk. Other investigators or. ganic supplements trying establish conifer cultures. Even when yeast milk Hotson Cutter (1951) Constabel (1957) unable maintain luniperus virginiana longer 6 mo. Loewenberg Skoog (1952) described obtaining banksiana strobus. They induce vigorous did develop unless aqueous pine seeds included Later laboratory Geissbiihler (unpubl.) Lapidus (1953) directed toward isolation identification factor(s) development course investigation, abies) studied effects combined mixtures 12 acids, 7 purines, pyrimidines, nucleic None supplements, alone combination replace reported below represents results further investigations growth-promoting