Spatial Convergence Clubs and the European Regional Growth Process,1980–1995

摘要: In international cross-country studies, evidence for club convergence has often been found using different methodologies (Baumol 1986; Durlauf and Johnson 1995; Quah 1996a, 1997). the case of European regions, Ertur Le Gallo (see Chap. 2) et al. 3) have shown that rate among regions is slow GDP disparities seem to be persistent despite economic integration process higher growth rates some poorer as highlighted well in Commission reports (1996, 1999). Moreover, over 1980–1995 period, geographical distribution exhibits a polarization pattern between rich north poor south.