Nanoparticles alter the withanolide biosynthesis and carbohydrate metabolism in Withania somnifera (Dunal)

摘要: Abstract Withania somnifera is an important medicinal plant due to the presence of secondary metabolites. Nanoparticles (NPs) have elicitor activity for enhancement metabolites biosynthesis in plants. W. plants were grown in-vitro and in-vivo treated with homologous series Zn-Ag NPs, Ni, CdSe. Four NPs having different molar ratio Zn Ag been used treatment. NP1, NP2, NP3, NP4 Exhibit 19:1, 9:1, 3:1 1:1 ratios between Ag. Among all NP1 showed maximum photosynthesis rate, transpiration withanolide content increase some carbohydrates. Genes involved photosynthesis, Calvin cycle, carbohydrate metabolism, up regulation NP3 treatments. photocatalytic which helped light absorption increased oxidative stress. NP4, CdSe treatments negative impact on content. samples down most pathway genes lower comparison water caused excess cell damage, therefore, decrease was recorded. Gas exchange electron transfer rate increases their semiconducting properties. can liberate significant number electrons under exposure, behaves like carriers. Cyclic flux observed but lowest control condition. not only manages flow around PSI stress also considered as essential growth