Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolutionary Diversification of Labyrinth Fishes (Perciformes: Anabantoidei)

摘要: Labyrinth fishes (Perciformes: Anabantoidei) are primary freshwater with a disjunct African-Asian distribution that exhibit wide variety of morphological and behavioral traits. These intrinsic features make them particularly well suited for studying patterns processes evolutionary diversification. We reconstructed the first molecular-based phylogenetic hypothesis anabantoid intrarelationships using both mitochondrial nuclear nucleotide sequence data to address evolution. The set included complete cytochrome b, partial 12S rRNA, tRNA Val, 16S rRNA genes (3332 bp) 57 species representing all 19 genera. RAG1 gene (1494 21 representative species. analyses combined (mitochondrial + nuclear) recovered almost fully resolved trees at intrafamily level different methods inference. Phylogenetic relationships this taxonomic were compared previous morphology-based hypotheses. In particular, enigmatic pike-head (Luciocephalus) was confidently placed within "spiral egg" clade, thus resolving long-standing controversy on its relative position. molecular phylogeny used study evolution forms parental care suborder. Our results suggest breeding behavior in anabantoids is highly correlated phylogeny, brood evolved three times independently from an ancestral free spawning condition without care. Ancestral character state reconstructions under maximum parsimony likelihood further indicated bubble nesting mouthbrooding have recurrently during new framework also test alternative biogeographic hypotheses account distribution. Molecular divergence time estimates support either drift vicariance linked breakup Gondwana or Late Mesozoic Early Tertiary dispersal Africa Asia vice versa.