Optimal measures in order to reduce total emissions from non-road mobile machinery in a national and economic perspective

摘要: In this report future annual emissions amounts of gaseous pollutants, particulate matter (PM10) and noise from the non-road mobile machinery sector in Sweden were estimated. The estimates over conducted for each year 2006 to 2020. Special focus has been taken impact European national legislations, age distribution different types sizes measures reduce emissions. Besides emissions, corresponding costs also study comprises fuel consumption CO2, carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), nitrogen oxides (NOx), (PM), equipped with diesel engines a rated engine power 37 560 kW. Non-road example includes tractors, wheel loaders, excavators, articulate haulers, cranes, combined harvesters, forestry trucks. current was supplementary describing methodology estimating 2006. Inventory data obtained Swedish testing institute’s inspection operation, statistics sale returns trade organisations motor-vehicle register. number is presented table S1. amounts, derived both at level specific construction site. For case results showed that it possible average more than 3 dB(A) compared base scenario just by choosing fulfilling strictest limits, i.e. Stage II which mandatory most Other simulated included various retrofit reduction packages. cost site varied 4 000 up 500 SEK dB-1. estimate simulations conducted, measure reducing amounts. Five main emission or programs studied: - Scrappage program Alternative Voluntary regulation Retrofit aftertreatment Noise on exhaust gas regulations, I IV respectively common all programs. work set fixed value type simulated, thus eliminating any potential changes state market. result baseline "Business as usual" (BAU), only taking account regulation, S2 four years Both CO2 remains fairly constant an effect assumption value. However, especially NOx PM major due tighter regulations. All able BAU exceptions oxides, increased some alternative absolute significantly between within Reduction accumulated increase 25 tonne 22 studied period At same time few hundred million 60 SEK. S3, pollutant kg-1 eight typical are presented. economically favourable voluntary program, early introduction coming limits. Another important fuels mean associated rather high actual almost 100 hundreds except programs, resulted considerable higher cost.