Pharmacology of Antiretrovirals in the Female Genital Tract for HIV Prevention.

摘要: Preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a powerful tool that, as part of comprehensive prevention package, has potential to significantly impact the HIV epidemic. PrEP effectiveness believed be dependent on exposure and efficacy antiretrovirals at site transmission. Clinical trial results well modeling simulation indicate threshold adherence required for emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate may differ between sites transmission with less forgiveness missed doses in women exposed through genital tissue compared people colorectal tissue. This suggests role local host factors influence mucosal pharmacology. Here we review pharmacology female tract explore determinants efficacy. Host such inflammation, coinfections, hormonal status, vaginal microbiome will explored drug-metabolizing enzymes transporters regulating drug exposure. The use preclinical early clinical models predict also discussed.