4. Effects of Air Pollution and Acid Deposition on Forests and Forest Soils

摘要: Publisher Summary This chapter presents a study on the effects of air pollution and acid deposition, which can be direct, through above-ground uptake by vegetation, or indirect, via soil. Effects soil solution expressed as changes in concentrations budgets S, N, Al particular. For Dutch forests these have been assessed at national level measurements calculations. With regard to nitrogen, acidification problem is linked with N eutrophication. The research into has confined Douglas fir dry, poor sandy soils. As far direct Netherlands are concerned, short-term relatively unimportant apart from visible damage near local sources during episodes high concentration O 3 , probably also reduced activity photosynthesis low temperatures humidity (SO 2 ). At current daily values, slight reduction was observed mature trees field. lead accelerated leaf/needle ageing. interaction (from SO NH NO ) indirect effects—from 4 + /NO – ratio solution, K Mg deficiencies—can internal plant, resulting loss.