Energy Conservation in the Process Industries

摘要: Preface List of Common Symbols 1. Energy Outlook Introduction I. Scope the Problem II. Thermodynamic Efficiencies III. The Fundamental Strategy Notes 2. Second Law Thermodynamics Revisited Differences between Laws Definitions Available and Fuel Summary 3. Economics, Part I General Considerations A Systematic Approach to Steam Pricing Other Utilities 4. Characterizing Use Understanding Missing Data An Illustrative Onsite Audit IV. Power Balance 5. Optimum Performance Existing Facilities Principle 1-Minimize Waste Combustion Principles Problems-Combustion Efficiency Trap V. 2-Manage Effectively 6. Improvement-An Overall Site Utilizing Interactions Total Cogeneration Potential Problem: Maximum Utilization Linear Programming 7. Methodology Analysis: Sign Conventions Detailed Procedures Examples 8. Analysis Unit Operations Heat Exchange Expansion-Pressure Letdown Mixing Distillation-A Combination Simple Processes Air Preheating 9. Improve Reducing (Work) Losses Accepting "Inevitable" Inefficiencies Optimization through Lost Work Research Guidance Phthalic Anhydride Process Improvement 10. II: Capital-Cost Relationships Background Information Entire Plant System is Pertinent Investment Defining Limits Current Technology Improvements 11. Design Methods Synthesis Applications Systems Thermoeconomics 12. Guidelines Recommendations for Improving Chemical Reactions Separations Transfer Machinery Economics VI. Checklist Conservation Items VII. Shortcomings Index