Environmental pollution and energy research and development: an Environmental Kuznets Curve model through quantile simulation approach.

摘要: Energy research and development (R&D) environmental sustainability is often referred to as two interrelated trends, especially in the current context of 4th industrial revolution. As a primary input energy innovations, R&D sector constitutes vital tool addressing global challenges. In this frame, we observe effects disaggregated on pollution within Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) framework thirteen developed countries over period 2003-2018. By employing panel quantile regression technique, find an inverted U-shaped nexus between economic growth carbon emissions only higher carbon-emitting countries, thus, confirming EKC hypothesis. However, more predominant lower countries. such, demonstrate that there not any single dynamic relationship reported previous studies. Contrary expectations, efficiency effective curbing compared fossil fuels renewable development. The empirical results indicate also mitigates significantly CO2 from 50th up 90th quantile, although magnitude negative sign pronounced (in absolute term) at highest (90th). light, our findings would guide policymakers establishment sustainable schemes will allow preservation equilibrium for environment while promoting innovations.