Annual changes in concentrations and health risks of PCDD/Fs, DL-PCBs and organochlorine pesticides in ambient air based on the Global Monitoring Plan in São Paulo

摘要: Abstract Ambient air contains a number of persistent organic pollutants (POPs), to which inhalation exposure has drawn worldwide concern. However, information regarding annual changes in the concentrations and health risks POPs ambient Sao Paulo, Brazil, are limited. This study provides comprehensive on polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), dioxin-like biphenyls (DL-PCBs), 10 groups organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) Paulo between 2010 2015 based Global Monitoring Plan. The mass studied (PCDD/Fs, DL-PCBs, OCPs) showed declining trends from (from 2.65 × 10−2 1.33 × 10−2 pg m−3, 9.89 × 10−2 3.12 × 10−2 pg m−3, 0.313 0.100 ng m−3, respectively), might be due decrease non-intentional emissions. carcinogenic risk (CR) non-carcinogenic (Non-CR) were 1.48 × 10−11 6.08 × 10−7 3.44 × 10−8 3.34 × 10−3, respectively, lower than generally accepted threshold values (10−6/10−5 1 for CR Non-CR, suggesting that posed by acceptable. PCDD/Fs had highest (6.08 × 10−8-4.81 × 10−7), whereas 95th percentile DL-PCBs nine OCPs 10−7, among POPs, warrant special attention. CRs dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (2.30 × 10−8), dieldrin (1.30 × 10−8), hexachlorocyclohexanes (1.05 × 10−8), heptachlor (8.97 × 10−9), hexachlorobenzene (6.47 × 10−9), chlordane (5.89 × 10−9), epoxide (1.42 × 10−9), aldrin (1.33 × 10−9), mirex (2.71 × 10−10) relatively low, their threats human negligible. In general, PCDD/Fs, did not pose serious during 2010–2015.