Millicharged Scalar Fields, Massive Photons and the Breaking of $SU(3)_{C} \times U(1)_{\rm EM}$
作者： Jennifer Rittenhouse West
DOI: 10.1103/PHYSREVD.99.073009
关键词:
摘要: Under the assumption that current epoch of Universe is not special, i.e. final state a long history processes in particle physics, cosmological fate $SU(3)_C \times U(1)_{\rm EM}$ investigated. Spontaneous symmetry breaking $U(1)_{\rm at temperature today carried out. The charged scalar field $\phi_{\rm which breaks found to be ruled out for charge electron, $q=e$. Scalar fields with millicharges are viable and limits on their masses charges $q\lesssim10^{-3}e$ $m_{\phi_{\rm EM}}\lesssim10^{-5} \rm eV$. Furthermore, it possible has already been broken temperatures higher than $T=2.7K$ given nonzero mass photon. A photon $m_{\gamma}=10^{-18} eV$, upper limit, require spontaneously EM}}\sim 10^{-13} eV$ $q=10^{-6}e$, well within allowed parameter space model. Finally, strong interaction studied. $SU(3)_C$ tested complementarity confinement phase QCD $+$ colored scalars equivalent $SU(3)$ gauge theory. If applicable, multiple paths various structures. stability vacuum finite this scenario nonperturbative definitive statement left open. Cosmological implications metastability vacua - electromagnetic, color electroweak discussed.
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