Chapter Two Modern Physiography, Hydrology, Climate, and Sediment Input
作者： R. Stein
DOI: 10.1016/S1572-5480(08)00002-X
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摘要: Publisher Summary This chapter presents the information on bathymetry and physiography of Arctic Ocean. The central Ocean with its deep basins is surrounded by continental massifs shallow shelves. only break in this ring crust Fram Strait between northeastern Greenland northwestern Svalbard, deep-water connection world ocean via Atlantic proper divided into two major sub-basins: (1) Eurasian Basin bounded Lomonosov Ridge shelves Barents, Kara, Laptev seas northern Greenland, (2) Amerasian East Siberian, Chukchi, Beaufort Canadian Archipelago. Based distribution potential temperature, salinity, density, Ocean's hydrographic structure consists three main water masses: upper waters, intermediate waters (Atlantic Layer), (3) waters. An important phenomenon permanent sea-ice cover strong seasonal variation marginal (shelf) areas. Marine bio-production Subarctic based primarily microscopic unicellular algae (phytoplankton) column microalgae associated ice. One characteristics huge river discharge. Fine-grained particles (as well as organic matter contaminants) may be transported winds
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