Models of the electrical activity of the heart and computer simulation of the electrocardiogram.

摘要: This paper reviews models of the electrical activity heart and their use for simulations surface electrocardiogram. As such, it focuses on forward problem electrocardiography. The starts with an overview biophysical background that forms underpinning most potential computations. basic volume-conductor equations different techniques used to solve them, bidomain characterization myocardium, propagation in cardiac tissue, equivalent source formulations are all reviewed. Following this, a review conceived rhythm is presented. These do not represent geometry accurately, hence ECG such are, at best, first approximations. Next, realistic-geometry models, but without propagation, described. Since activation isochrones fixed, they essentially suited only study normal or ischemia infarction simulations. Finally, which element-to-element Because ability alter patterns, may also be conduction disturbances arrhythmias. Surface realized both types concludes section future.