Disseminated Strongyloides stercoralis in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-infected Patients: Treatment Failure and a Review of the Literature

摘要: We describe a North American human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive patient with Strongyloides stercoralis infection of the gastrointestinal tract, who required repeated "standard" courses thiabendazole. Pulmonary numerous roundworms developed, as suspected by bronchoalveolar lavage, and while he was receiving therapy, dissemination occurred. On autopsy, S recovered in liver, lung, heart. After literature review, we conclude that HIV-positive patients have higher risk treatment failure. This may occur without elevation IgE or eosinophilia. Those require prolonged thiabendazole alternatively ivermectin therapy.