Management practices to enhance wildlife diversity of man-made fish ponds: the importance of the hydroperiod

摘要: We examined correlates of amphibian and waterbird diversity related to management practices, with a focus on timing flooding, at shallow ponds used for common carp Cyprinus carpio culture in Eastern Poland. The age the stocked fish was strong predictor diversity, higher scores obtained young-of-the-year compared containing older (and larger) fish. Pond cover by emergent vegetation positively both taxonomic groups. filling affected richness ponds; contrast filled early spring (March-early April), breeding species were not recorded later (early May). However, did differ between early- late-flooded ponds. Early availability favored hydroperiod effect overcame age/size. Dissimilar responses onset may reflect differences bird communities nature strength interactions Timing which appears be neglected determinant biodiversity anthropogenic wetlands, should consider migration phenology wildlife presence population structure