Adjuvant Systemic Therapy: Endocrine Therapy

摘要: Estrogen receptor (ER)- and/or progesterone (PR)-positive breast cancers are the most common types of cancer, accounting for 75 % all cancers. Adjuvant endocrine therapy is a pivotal component treatment women with hormone receptor-positive early-stage cancer; it delays local and distant relapse prolongs survival. Patients ER- PR-positive invasive should be considered adjuvant regardless age, lymph node status, or chemotherapy use. Features indicative uncertain responsiveness include low levels immunoreactivity, PR negativity, poor differentiation (grade 3), high Ki-67 index, human epidermal growth factor 2 overexpression, gene recurrence score. hormonal manipulation achieved by blocking ER in tumor tissues tamoxifen premenopausal postmenopausal women, lowering systemic estrogen luteinizing hormone-releasing agonists biosynthesis non-ovarian aromatase inhibitors women.