Unpacking cultural orientations: representations of the person and the self

摘要: This thesis aims to disentangle the concept of culture; more specifically it identifies different facets cultural orientations. It looks at how and national groups differ on these dimensions their impact individuals societies. is argued that we need a nuanced multifaceted understanding culture goes beyond focusing values. Chapter 1 discusses definitions three significant culture—values, beliefs constructions self. noted research into latter two far less developed. Chapter 2 outlines cross-cultural variation in beliefs, about personhood, notes little known define individualism-collectivism (I-C). 3 reviews self-construal theory highlights range remaining issues which point explore self-construals further. 4 provides methodological overview research. 5 reports results from large-scale questionnaire studies presents construct, measure, contextualism, referring importance context people. Contextualism shown be facet collectivism predictor ingroup favouritism, trust corruption. 6 new seven-dimensional model self-construals, can organised higher-order level analysis: self-differentiation, other-focus self-containment. Variation self-differentiation best explained by differences I-C, wealth self-containment religious heritage. Based smaller study four nations, 7 investigates seven individual tests they differentially predict outcomes related socio-emotional adjustment. 8 summarises findings implications directions for future