Autoimmunity of Testis, Ovary, and Spermatozoa

摘要: Experimental studies indicate that infertility may have an immune basis, resulting from spontaneous or induced autoimmune disease targets the testis, ovary, spermatozoa. This chapter describes spermatozoal antibody-mediated infertility, with emphasis on methods of sperm antibody detection respect to laboratory procedure, clinical indications, and interpretation results. It focuses emerging assay for antibodies ovarian antigens. also discusses human testicular diseases diagnostic dilemma they present. Autoimmunity ensues following stimulation by foreign microbial antigen mimics gonadal antigen, when is presented T cells in context a vasectomy-induced granuloma, invoked endogenous immunoregulatory mechanism, such as regulatory cells, defective. Spermatozoal be detected serum, are bound ejaculated An important indication presence antisperm abnormal postcoital test (PCT), particularly semen quality normal cervical mucus, obtained at late follicular phase, well hydrated acellular. While PCT suggestive antibodies, negative result does not preclude testing. Patients which there apparent cause, despite rigorous evaluation, candidates Ovarian dysfunction determined abnormalities menstrual cycle patterns measurement early follicularphase follicle-stimulating hormone estradiol.