Crop epigenetics and the molecular hardware of genotype × environment interactions.

摘要: Crop plants encounter thermal environments which fluctuate on a diurnal and seasonal basis. Future climate resilient cultivars will need to respond profiles reflecting more variable conditions, harness plasticity that involves regulation of epigenetic processes complex genomic regulatory networks. Compartmentalization within plant cells insulates the central processing unit interphase nucleus. This review addresses properties chromatin hardware in genome is embedded, focusing biophysical thermodynamic DNA, histones nucleosomes. It explores consequences ionic variation behavior marks such as DNA cytosine methylation (5mC), histone variants H2A.Z, how these contribute maintenance integrity nucleus, while enabling specific subsets genes be regulated. Information drawn from theoretical molecular vitro studies well model crop incorporates recent insights into role play mediating between environmental signals regulation. A preliminary speculative framework outlined, based evidence what appears cohesive set interactions at molecular, electrostatic level various components contributing conformation dynamics. proposes nuclei, general localized homeostasis plays an important maintaining conformation, whilst patterns marks. More generally, reversible changes appear consistent with ability nuclear manage external temperature environment. Whilst tentative, this provides scope develop experimental approaches understand greater detail internal environment nuclei. hoped generate deeper understanding mechanisms underlying genotype × may beneficial for long-term improvement performance less predictable climates.