Aliphatic Carboxylic Acids: Saturated

摘要: Aliphatic carboxylic acids include a very wide range of chemicals that perform diverse industrial functions. Many occur naturally and serve an important function in nutrition, others are intermediates normal biochemical processes. This chapter is limited to discussion the saturated aliphatic mono- polycarboxylic acids. Because uses, differing circumstances isolation often complexity structure, many organic described by variety names. In this chapter, names used text usually trivial or most common names; alternative given for reference. A current systematic Chemical Abstracts acid name tables describe physicochemical properties. The commercial importance class compounds indicated recent production figures: formic has volume excess 1 billion lb/year, acetic region 3.3 acrylic propionic on order 100 million lb/year. Esters salts also produced large volumes. In general, serious physiological concerns humans do not arise from discussed chapter. Occasionally, have been reported individual acids, but with high experimental accidental exposures. low level concern associated these attested members as food additives, flavoring agents, stabilizers, materials. primary adverse effect exposure acute arising their irritant effects skin, eyes, mucous membranes, particularly short-chain As molecular weight increases water solubility decreases, irritating capacity generally decreases. addition, skin sensitization quite rare acids. Keywords: aliphatic acids; farm workers; health effects; industrial applications; metabolic fate; saturated