Maternal Medication Use and Risk of Hypospadias- An Exposure Spectrum Approach

摘要: Purpose To investigate associations between maternal use of selected medications during early pregnancy and the risk hypospadias in male infants. Methods We used data from National Birth Defects Prevention Study, a multi-site, population-based, case-control study. analyzed 1,537 case infants with second or third degree isolated 4,314 control born 1997-2007. Exposure was based on reported any prescription over-the-counter medication herbal product, for which there were at least 5 exposed cases, 1 month before to 4 months after conception, excluding topicals, vitamins, minerals, products components unknown. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) 95% confidence intervals (CI) estimated using multivariable logistic regression, adjusting several confounders. Results Of 195 89 met inclusion criteria assessed-28 61 non-herbal components. Hypospadias associated cephalexin (aOR 3.06; CI 1.02, 9.18), phenylpropanolamine HCl 2.68; 1.06, 6.80), ibuprofen 1.16; 1.00, 1.34), primary analyses. Conclusions replicated previously observed association exposure hypospadias. The have not been reported. Given exploratory nature analyses, these results should be considered hypothesis-generating. Better understanding potential fetal effects will allow clinicians women childbearing age make more informed decisions regarding pregnancy. INDEX WORDS: pregnancy, hypospadias, birth defects, drug safety