Exurban development influences woodland bird composition

摘要: One of the fastest growing types land-use change is exurban development—low-density housing outside urban service boundaries. However, how individual species are responding to development remains uncertain. We monitored birds for 5 years across three density levels in northern California oak woodlands. compared community and responses (4–16 ha parcels) with suburban undeveloped natural areas. found that groups exhibited variable development. Some guilds were impacted by same extent as while others less sensitive this type land use. For example, proportion bird composed tree-and-shrub feeders was similar between areas, whereas proportions temperate migrants showed significant reductions at both sites. Similarly, Northern Flicker, Hutton’s Vireo, Orange-crowned Warbler equally rare sites, making large, parcels essential their conservation. By explicitly measuring ecological changes associated parcel size research provides valuable information planners on consequences zoning biodiversity