Interleukin-33 and Mast Cells Bridge Innate and Adaptive Immunity: From the Allergologist’s Perspective

摘要: Interleukin (IL) 33, a member of the IL-1 superfamily, is an “alarmin” protein and secreted in its active form from damaged cells undergoing necrotic cell death. Mast are one main effector types allergic disorders. They secrete variety mediators, including T helper 2 cytokines. As mast have high-affinity IgE receptors (FceRI) on their surface, they can capture circulating IgE. IgE-bound degranulate large amounts histamine, heparin, proteases when encounter antigens. IL-33 important mediator innate immunity play role adaptive immune responses, interactions between two could link immunity. promotes adhesion to laminin, fibronectin, vitronectin. increases expression molecules, such as intracellular molecule-1 vascular molecule-1, endothelial cells, thus enhancing blood vessel walls. stimulates proliferation by activating ST2/Myd88 pathway; survival activation proteins Bcl-XL; growth, development, maturation progenitors. also involved mature production different proinflammatory The interaction clinical implications field urology. Epithelial dysfunction pathogenesis interstitial cystitis. Urinary levels significantly increase patients with In addition, number urinary bladders Therefore, inhibition degranulation response potential therapeutic target treatment