Institutionalizing Participatory, Client‐Driven Research and Technology Development in Agriculture

摘要: This article identifies key characteristics of participatory research and development(R&D) in the agricultural sector: it is client-driven, requires decentralized technology development, devolves to farmers major responsibility for adaptive testing, institutions individuals become accountable relevance quality on offer. Through case study material drawn from Latin America, Asia Africa, then reviews ways by which have responded these raises issues further elaboration. Steps need be taken, particular, safeguard equity, both between more less vocal groups farmers, requirements present future generations (the latter referring particularly environmental concerns). It argued that R&D alone insufficient deliver innovations relevant diverse client groups: policy mechanisms are required define clients participate, whose agendas drive process, what organizational needed move directions.